What is the meaning of PCBA copy board and what are the specific steps?
PCB copy board technology, the industry is often called circuit board copy board, circuit board cloning, circuit board copy, PCB cloning, PCB reverse design or PCB reverse R & D. On the definition of PCB copy board, the industry and academia have a variety of sayings, but they are not quite complete, if we want to give PCB copy board under an accurate definition, we can draw on the domestic authority of the PCB copy board laboratory said: PCB copy board, that is, already have electronic products in kind and circuit board in kind under the premise of the use of reverse R & D technology means of reverse analysis of the circuit board, will be the original product of the PCB file, bill of materials (BOM) files, schematic files and other technical documents as well as PCB silk screen production documents for 1:1 restore, and then use these technical documents and production documents for PCB board, components, welding, flying probe test, circuit board, and so on. Then use these technical documents and production documents for PCB board making, component welding, flying probe testing, circuit board debugging, to complete a complete copy of the original circuit board prototype. Since electronic products are made up of various kinds of circuit boards to form the core control part of the work, therefore, by utilizing such a process as PCB copy board, we can complete the extraction of a full set of technical information of any electronic product as well as the imitation and cloning of the product.
Specific technical steps are as follows:
The first step : get a piece of PCB, first of all, record on paper the model number, parameters, and location of all component parts, especially the diode, the direction of the tertiary tube, the direction of the IC gap. It is best to use a digital camera to take two photos of the location of the meta parts. Now the PCB circuit board more and more advanced above the diode transistor some do not pay attention to simply can not see.
Step 2: remove all the devices, and remove the tin in the PAD holes. Use alcohol to clean the PCB, and then put it into the scanner, the scanner scanning needs to be slightly adjusted up the scanning pixels, in order to get a clearer image. Then lightly sand the top and bottom layers with water-gauze paper until the copper film is shiny, put it into the scanner, start PHOTOSHOP, and scan the two layers in color. Note that the PCB must be placed horizontally and vertically in the scanner, otherwise the scanned image will not work.
Step 3: adjust the contrast of the canvas, brightness and darkness, so that there is a strong contrast between the part of the copper film and the part of the copper film is not there, and then turn the sub-picture to black and white, check whether the lines are clear, if not clear, then repeat this step. If clear, the figure will be saved as a black and white BMP format file TOP.BMP and BOT.BMP, if you find that there are problems with the graphics can also use PHOTOSHOP to repair and correct.
Step4 :the two BMP format files were converted to PROTEL format files, in PROTEL into the two layers, such as over the two layers of PAD and VIA location of the basic overlap, indicating that the first few steps to do a good job, if there is a deviation, then repeat the third step. So that PCB copy board is a very need patience work, because a little problem will affect the quality and the degree of matching after copy board.
Step 5: the TOP layer of the BMP into TOP.PCB, pay attention to the transformation to the SILK layer, that is, the yellow layer, and then you trace the line in the TOP layer is, and according to the second step of the drawing to place the device. After drawing the SILK layer will be deleted. Repeat to draw all the layers.
Step 6:in the PROTEL will be TOP.PCB and BOT.PCB into the call, combined into a picture is OK.
Step 7, Print the TOP LAYER and BOTTOM LAYER onto the transparent film (1:1 ratio) with a laser printer, and paste the film onto the PCB board. compare whether there is a mistake, if it is correct, you are done.
A copy of the same board and the original board was born, but this is only half done. It still have to test, test the electronic performance of the copy board weather is the same as the original board. If same that is really finished.
Note: If it is a multi-layer board but also carefully polished to the inside of the inner layer, while repeating the third to the fifth step of the copy board steps, of course, the naming of the graphics are different, according to the number of layers to determine the general double-sided board copying is much simpler than the multi-layer board, multi-layer copying is easy to copy the board is not permitted to the situation, so multi-layer copy board to be especially careful and careful (which is inside the conductive holes and non-conductive holes are very easy to appear problematic)
Double-sided board copying method
- Scan the upper and lower layers of the circuit board and save two BMP pictures.
- Open the board copying software Quickpcb2005, point “file” “open the bottom picture”, open a scanned picture. Use PAGEUP to enlarge the screen, see the pads, according to PP to place a pad, see the line according to the PT line …… like a child tracing the same, in this software tracing again, point “Save” to generate a B2P file.
- and then point “File” “open the bottom of the map”, open another layer of scanning color map; And then point “File” “open the bottom of the map”, open another layer of scanning color map.
- And then click “File” “Open”, open the previous saved B2P file, we see just copied the board, stacked on top of this picture – the same PCB board, holes in the same location, just different line connections. The same PCB board, holes in the same location, just different line connections. So we press “Options” – “Layer Settings”, where we turn off the display of the top layer of the line and silkscreen, leaving only multi-layer vias.
- The top layer of perforations and the bottom layer of the picture on the same location of the perforations, and now we like childhood tracing the same, tracing out the bottom layer of the line can be. Tap “Save” – this time the B2P file will have the top and bottom of the two layers of information.
- Point “File” “Export as PCB file”, you can get a PCB file with two layers of information, you can then change the board or schematic or directly to the PCB plate factory production!
Multi-layer board copying method:
In fact, four-layer board copy board is to repeat the copy of two double-sided boards, six-layer is to repeat the copy of three double-sided boards ……, multilayer is daunting because we can not see its internal alignment. A sophisticated multilayer board, how do we see its inner layers? –Layers.
Now there are many ways to delaminate, there are potion corrosion, tool stripping, etc., but it is easy to layer overload, loss of information. Experience tells us that sandpaper polishing is the most accurate.
When we copy the top and bottom of the PCB, generally sandpaper sanding method, grinding off the surface layer shows the inner layer; sandpaper is sold in hardware stores of ordinary sandpaper, generally flat PCB, and then hold down the sandpaper, uniformly rubbed on the PCB (if the board is very small, you can also flat sandpaper, with a finger hold down the PCB in the sandpaper rubbing). The point is to lay flat, so as to grind evenly.
Silk screen and green oil is generally a wipe off, copper wire and copper skin should be well rubbed a few times. Generally speaking, the Bluetooth board a few minutes can be wiped well, memory sticks about ten minutes; of course, the force is big, spend a little less time; force is small spend a little more time.
Grinding plate is currently the most common program used in layering, but also the most economical.
Upon successful completion of the PCBA copy, we provide you with comprehensive documentation, including schematics, bill of materials (BOM), and Gerber files. Our dedicated support team is available to assist you with any questions or concerns you may have throughout the process.
the benefits of PCBA copy board are not only reflected in the improvement of production efficiency and cost savings, but also promote technological innovation and industrial upgrading, and enhance the market competitiveness of enterprises.
We are committed to providing exceptional PCBA copy services that help you maintain and expand your product offerings. With our expertise in reverse engineering, component sourcing, and assembly, we ensure that your copied PCBA meets the highest standards of quality and performance. Contact us today!